Overview
Energy (viriya) is essential for traversing the Buddhist path. It must be carefully aroused and continuously sustained to prevent the mind from falling into sloth and torpor (thīna-middha). The texts identify specific internal elements or stages of how effort is engaged.
The List
- Ārambha-dhātu - The element of arousal: The initial application of energy. It is the spark required to overcome lethargy and begin a wholesome task or meditation practice.
- Nikkama-dhātu - The element of endeavor / stepping forth: The sustained effort that carries the practice forward, overcoming intermediate obstacles and preventing a regression into laziness. (Note: This is often joined by a third, Parakkama-dhātu, the element of advancing to completion).
Textual References
- Canonical: Āhāra Sutta (SN 46.51) – The Buddha lists these elements as the nutriment that starves sloth and torpor and feeds the awakening factor of energy.