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Grammatical Analysis
Paṭṭhāna: [nt.] The Book of Conditional Relations; The Great Treatise. Formed by prefix pa (intense, supreme) + ṭhāna (place, cause, condition).
Orthodox Definition
The Paṭṭhāna is the seventh, final, and by far the most massive book of the Abhidhamma Piṭaka. It is traditionally referred to as the Mahāpakaraṇa (The Great Treatise).
While the Dhammasaṅgaṇī dissects the universe into ultimate realities, the Paṭṭhāna puts the universe back together by showing exactly how these realities condition one another. It establishes a complex system of 24 Conditions (paccaya)—such as root condition, object condition, contiguity condition, kamma condition, and presence condition.
It then cross-references these 24 conditions against every single reality in the Abhidhamma matrix. The Theravāda tradition holds that only the omniscient mind of a Buddha is vast enough to comprehend the Paṭṭhāna in its entirety. It is said that when the Buddha first contemplated this book during his fourth week after enlightenment, his mind finally found an object vast enough to match its power, causing six-colored rays of light to emit from his body.
Quote
Abhidhammapiṭake
- Paṭṭhānapāḷi
- (Paṭhamo bhāgo)
- Dhammānulome
- Tikapaṭṭhānaṃ
- (1) Paccayuddeso
hetupaccayo, ārammaṇapaccayo, adhipatipaccayo, anantarapaccayo, samanantarapaccayo, sahajātapaccayo, aññamaññapaccayo, nissayapaccayo, upanissayapaccayo, purejātapaccayo, pacchājātapaccayo, āsevanapaccayo, kammapaccayo, vipākapaccayo, āhārapaccayo, indriyapaccayo, jhānapaccayo, maggapaccayo, sampayuttapaccayo, vippayuttapaccayo, atthipaccayo, natthipaccayo, vigatapaccayo, avigatapaccayoti.
Root condition, object condition, predominance condition, contiguity condition, immediacy condition, co-nascence condition, mutuality condition, support condition, sufficing condition, pre-nascence condition, post-nascence condition, repetition condition, kamma condition, result condition, nutriment condition, faculty condition, jhāna condition, path condition, association condition, dissociation condition, presence condition, absence condition, disappearance condition, non-disappearance condition.
Textual References
- Canonical: Paṭṭhāna – The 24 conditions (paccayauddesa) form the foundation of all advanced Theravāda causal analysis.
- Commentary: Paṭṭhāna-aṭṭhakathā – Providing the classic similes for each condition (e.g., the object condition is like a walking stick for a blind man; the kamma condition is like a seed).