Grammatical Analysis
Sekhiya: [adj.] Connected with training; matters of etiquette. Derived from sikkhati (to train, learn).
Orthodox Definition
The Sekhiya rules consist of 75 guidelines (identical for both monks and nuns) that focus strictly on decorum, etiquette, and polite behavior.
Unlike the heavier categories, there is no formal punishment or specific confession formula for breaking a Sekhiya rule, though intentional violation is considered an offense of wrong-doing (dukkaṭa). They are designed to cultivate mindfulness in action and ensure that monastics present an inspiring, dignified appearance to the public.
The 75 rules are divided into sections governing:
- How to wear the robes neatly.
- How to walk, sit, and look when entering a village (eyes downcast, not laughing loudly, not swaying the body).
- Etiquette for receiving and eating alms food (not stuffing the cheeks, not making smacking noises, not scattering rice).
- Rules for teaching Dhamma (not teaching someone holding a weapon, wearing shoes, or sitting on a higher seat).
- Rules for urination and defecation (not in water or on green grass).
Textual References
- Vinaya: Suttavibhaṅga (Sekhiyakaṇḍa) – The final section of the rules for individuals, shaping the aesthetic of Theravāda monasticism.
- Commentary: Samantapāsādikā – Clarifying exceptions, such as when a monk is sick.